After having participated in the March on Rome, Pietro Caruso joined the Volunteer Militia for National Security, and was appointed Quaestor of Rome in January 1944. When the Allies entered Rome, he tried to escape by car, but, upon being recognised, he was handed over to the Anglo-Americans and brought back to Rome. In September 1944 he was put on trial for collaborationism. He was sentenced to death, and was shot at Forte Bravetta.